Enter any stock’s price per share and earnings per share, hit “Calculate,” and the tool returns the P/E ratio—e.g., $63.40 ÷ $3.30 = 19.21. The average trailing P/E of the S&P 500 stood at 22.3 in 2023 (FactSet, 2023).
The calculator shows how many years of dividends it takes to repay today’s share price, a fast shortcut to dividend value analysis. Example: S&P 500 firms paid $565 billion in dividends during 2023 (S&P Dow Jones Indices, 2024). Enter any price and dividend, press “Calculate,” and the ratio appears instantly—no spreadsheet required.
Paste your email, set summary length and focus, then hit “Summarize.” You’ll get an instant, copy-ready brief. Workers spend 28 % of the week dealing with email (McKinsey, 2012), so trimming every thread saves real hours.
Use the calculator in three steps: enter market cap, enter operating cash flow, press “Calculate.” A ratio under 15 is cheaper than the 2023 S&P 500 median of 17.5 (FactSet, 2023).
Use the calculator by dividing any stock’s market price by its book value per share; a P/B below 1 has historically flagged 35 % of eventual market beaters (Morningstar, 2022).
Present value with continuous compounding discounts a future dollar by $$e^{-rt}$$. At 7 %, $1 received in 10 years is worth only $0.496 ($1 × e^{-0.7})—a 50 % haircut (CFA Institute, 2020). Use our two-step tool: type the rate, type the years, press Calculate; multiply the displayed factor by any cash-flow amount.
Calculate what a future dollar is worth today by dividing the cash flow by rac(e^{rt}). At a 5 % nominal rate, continuous compounding lifts the effective annual rate to 5.13 %—about 0.13 percentage-points higher than yearly compounding (Investopedia, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/continuouscompounding.asp).
Enter a discount rate and the number of periods; the calculator returns the Present Value Factor (PVF)—the number you multiply by any future cash flow to know its worth today. At a 6 % rate, $1 payable in five years equals $0.7473 now (Investopedia, 2023). That single figure helps you compare investments, value bonds, and plan retirement without manual math.
Present value shows what a future dollar is worth today: divide the future amount by (1 + discount rate)^periods. A $10,000 payment due in five years is worth roughly $7,472 at a 6 % annual rate, because long-term equity returns have averaged about 6 % above inflation since 1900 (Credit Suisse Yearbook, 2023).
